NEW DELHI: India’s transport infrastructure, particularly in metro and railways, has witnessed unprecedented growth over the past 11 years under the Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led NDA government. From expanding metro rail networks to introducing world-class trains and implementing green and digital upgrades, the country is rapidly building the foundation for Viksit Bharat@2047.
Metro rail services are now operational or under construction in 23 cities. As of May 2025, India’s metro network stands at 1,013 kilometres, a significant jump from just 248 kilometres in 2014. This marks an addition of 763 kilometres in just over a decade. Daily ridership has grown more than fourfold, rising from 28 lakh in 2013-14 to over 1.12 crore. The pace of metro line commissioning has increased nine times, and the annual budget for metro projects has expanded from ₹5,798 crore in 2013-14 to ₹34,807 crore in 2025-26. Further strengthening regional connectivity, the government introduced the Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS), with Namo Bharat trains already operational on the Delhi-Meerut corridor.
Indian Railways has also seen record-breaking investments and capacity expansion. The overall capital outlay since 2014 stands at over ₹17 lakh crore, compared to ₹3.62 lakh crore between 2004 and 2014. More than 31,000 kilometres of new tracks have been laid, and over 45,000 kilometres renewed. A new generation of trains has transformed passenger experiences. The Vande Bharat trains, currently operating 136 services across 24 states and union territories, offer semi-high-speed travel with modern amenities. Plans are in place to manufacture 400 more such trains. The recently introduced Amrit Bharat and Namo Bharat trains also reflect the push for affordable and efficient mobility, with 100 Amrit Bharat and 50 Namo Bharat trains to be added in the next few years.
Indian Railways has committed to achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2030. Over 98% of the broad-gauge network has been electrified. Solar panels have been installed at more than 2,000 railway stations, and 100% of stations and service buildings now use LED lighting. Accessibility and passenger convenience have been enhanced with the installation of 1,790 lifts and 1,602 escalators, while Wi-Fi connectivity is now available at over 6,000 stations.
Technological advancements such as the indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection System, Kavach, have been deployed across 1,548 route kilometres. The system automatically applies brakes in case of overspeeding or non-response from the loco pilot, boosting passenger safety. The elimination of unmanned level crossings has been completed, with over 12,000 road over and under bridges constructed. In 2024-25 alone, 1,256 such bridges were built.
Several engineering marvels have been added to India’s railway map. These include the world’s highest railway arch bridge over the Chenab River, the Anji Khad cable-stayed bridge, and the new vertical lift Pamban sea bridge connecting Rameswaram to mainland India. The Kosi Rail Mahasetu near the India-Nepal border is another strategically significant addition.
Electrification has seen a massive push, with more than 45,000 route kilometres electrified between 2014 and 2025—compared to just 5,188 kilometres between 2004 and 2014. Electrification has already led to annual savings of nearly ₹3,000 crore. More than 6,600 stations have been equipped with electronic interlocking systems, reducing the risk of human error.
Innovative schemes such as One Station One Product (OSOP) are helping promote local artisans, with over 2,200 outlets operational across nearly 2,000 stations. The scheme has recorded sales worth ₹107.89 crore as of March 2025. Freight movement has also surged, with total loading touching 14,200 million tonnes between 2014 and 2025, compared to 8,473 million tonnes in the preceding decade. In 2024-25, a record 1,617 million tonnes was loaded.
The dedicated freight corridors (DFC), which had seen zero progress before 2014, are now more than 96% complete, with 2,843 kilometres commissioned. The Eastern DFC is fully operational, while the Western DFC is nearing completion. The government has also commissioned 100 Gati Shakti Cargo Terminals to reduce logistics costs and boost multimodal transport.
More than 1,300 railway stations are being redeveloped under the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme to introduce world-class amenities. PM Jan Aushadhi Kendras have also been set up at 68 railway stations to ensure the availability of affordable medicines.
In recent decisions, the Union Cabinet approved several key railway projects in 2025. These include the ₹1,332 crore doubling of the Tirupati–Pakala–Katpadi railway line, and four major projects worth ₹18,658 crore across Maharashtra, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh. The Waltair railway division was also reorganized to form new divisions under the South Coast and East Coast Railways.
India’s metro and rail sectors have become engines of growth, driving economic activity, job creation, and ease of living. The sustained investment, innovation, and political will over the past decade are positioning India as a global leader in transport infrastructure.